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Tu Youyou

Pharmaceutical chemist; Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, 2015

China · b. 1930

Pharmaceutical chemist at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences who isolated artemisinin from sweet wormwood as a treatment for malaria, working on a Chinese government programme begun in 1969. Awarded a share of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the first Chinese woman to receive a Nobel Prize.

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What is the book you have given most as a gift, and why?
In Ge Hong's A Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies (肘后备急方), I noticed one sentence "A handful of Qinghao immersed in two liters of water, wring out the juice and drink it all" (青蒿一握, 以水二升渍, 绞取汁, 尽服之) when Qinghao was mentioned for alleviating malaria fevers. Most herbs were typically boiled in water and made into a decoction before taken by the patients. This unique way of using Qinghao gave me the idea that heating during extraction might have destroyed the active components and the high temperature might need to be avoided in order to preserve the herb's activity.

Recorded Laureate-written autobiography for Les Prix Nobel, Nobel Prize Outreach, 1 December 2015 source

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