Deciding what to do next

For a fork in the road. People on what they stopped doing and how they knew, what they refuse to make more efficient, and where they think the consensus in their own field has it wrong.

22 people · 155 answers

What made you stop something you were known for, and how did you know it was time?

Roger Federer

Swiss professional tennis player, 1998–2022

Recorded · Reuters · 2022

As many of you know, the past three years have presented me with challenges in the form of injuries and surgeries. I've worked hard to return to full competitive form.
Sonny Rollins

Jazz tenor saxophonist and composer

Recorded · Academy of Achievement (achievement.org)

I realized I wasn’t sounding as good as my reputation was, so I wanted to kind of get to that point where I wouldn’t be ashamed to go on the bandstand, which happened to me one time on a…
Serena Williams

United States professional tennis player, 1995–2022

Recorded · Vogue · 2022

I have never liked the word retirement. It doesn't feel like a modern word to me.
Kobe Bryant

United States basketball player, Los Angeles Lakers, 1996–2016

Recorded · The Players' Tribune · 2015

You gave a six-year-old boy his Laker dream And I'll always love you for it. But I can't love you obsessively for much longer. This season is all I have left to give.
Desmond Tutu

Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town; chair of South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission; Nobel Peace Prize, 1984

Recorded · American Academy of Achievement · 2004

I stopped being a teacher when the South African Government introduced a deliberately inferior education for blacks called Bantu education, and I felt I wasn’t ready to collaborate with…
Derek Sivers

Founder of CD Baby; author of Anything You Want

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2023

I read that at a key fork in the road moment for me where I just sold CD Baby and had a ton of money.

What does everyone in your world seem to agree on that you think is wrong?

Eleanor Roosevelt

First Lady of the United States 1933–1945; United States Delegate to the United Nations General Assembly 1945–1952; Chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights 1946–1951

Recorded · Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project, The George Washington University · 1963

Our trouble is that we do not demand enough of the people who represent us.
Lee Berger

Palaeoanthropologist; University of the Witwatersrand

Recorded · American Academy of Achievement · 2012

There was very much a real feel that we probably pretty much discovered every major fossil field in Africa. And in fact, some scientists even wrote that down at the turn of the millennia.
Richard Hamming

Mathematician and computer scientist; Turing Award, 1968

Recorded · Bell Communications Research Colloquium Seminar (transcription hosted by the University of Virginia Department of Computer Science) · 1986

When you are famous it is hard to work on small problems. This is what did Shannon in. After information theory, what do you do for an encore? The great scientists often make this error.
David Hockney

Painter, draughtsman, printmaker and photographer

Recorded · The Guardian · 2015

I thought I was a hedonist at the time, but when I look back I was always working. I am always working. I work every day. I never give parties; I never gave them.
Corazon Aquino

President of the Philippines, 1986–1992

Recorded · AmericanRhetoric.com · 1986

My predecessor set aside democracy to save it from a communist insurgency that numbered less than 500. Unhampered by respect for human rights, he went at it with hammer and tongs.

What are you unwilling to optimise?

Charlie Munger

Vice chairman of Berkshire Hathaway, 1978–2023

Recorded · Speakola · 2007

The highest form that civilization can reach is a seamless web of deserved trust. Not much procedure, just totally reliable people correctly trusting one another.
Jessye Norman

Operatic soprano and recitalist

Recorded · Academy of Achievement (achievement.org)

I want to be able to express, I want to be able to communicate, and I want to be able to understand what it is I’m doing, and I want the people whose language it is to understand what I’m…
Bong Joon-ho

Film director and screenwriter

Recorded · Polygon · 2019

There were times when I thought I wanted to be a cartoonist. If I weren’t a film director, I think cartoons would have been a good alternative.
Werner Herzog

Film director, screenwriter and opera director

Recorded · National Geographic · 2020

It’s how we are made as homo sapiens. We are biologically organized to cover distances on foot.
Halla Tómasdóttir

Co-founder of Auður Capital; President of Iceland from 2024

Recorded · TED · 2010

We also believe in straight-talking, telling it as it is, using simple language that people understand, telling people about the downsides as well as the potential upsides, and even telling…
Alice Waters

Chef, restaurateur and food activist

Recorded · Earth Island Journal · 2015

There’s no such thing as cheap food. It can be affordable, but it can never be cheap.

In the last five years, what have you become better at saying no to?

Simone Biles

United States artistic gymnast

Recorded · Rev · 2021

I just felt like it would be a little bit better to take a back seat, work on my mindfulness.
Zadie Smith

Novelist and essayist

Recorded · The Guardian · 2010

Protect the time and space in which you write. Keep everybody away from it, even the people who are most important to you.
Steve Jobs

Co-founder and chief executive of Apple; co-founder of NeXT; chief executive of Pixar

Recorded · Fortune · 2008

We tend to focus much more. People think focus means saying yes to the thing you've got to focus on. But that's not what it means at all.
Jeanette Winterson

Novelist and essayist

Recorded · The Guardian · 2010

Take no notice of anyone you don’t respect. […] Take no notice of anyone with a ­gender agenda. A lot of men still think that women lack imagination of the fiery kind.
Naomi Osaka

Japanese professional tennis player

Recorded · Time · 2021

I communicated that I wanted to skip press conferences at Roland Garros to exercise self-care and preservation of my mental health. I stand by that. Athletes are humans.
Allyson Felix

United States sprinter, 2003–2022

Recorded · The New York Times · 2019

What I'm not willing to accept is the enduring status quo around maternity.

Whose work makes you envious?

Darren Aronofsky

Film director; Requiem for a Dream, The Wrestler, Black Swan

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2018

I think I’ve always been jealous of musicians. You hear the story where Bob Dylan wrote a song in the afternoon and it became the anthem for a generation.
Jacinda Ardern

Prime Minister of New Zealand, 2017–2023; Leader of the Labour Party 2017–2023

Recorded · Harvard Magazine · 2022

Recently I had the privilege of joining ex German Chancellor, Angela Merkel on a panel. I have long been in awe of her leadership, not least for her endurance. She was in power for 16 years.
Dax Shepard

Actor and film-maker; host of the Armchair Expert podcast

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2020

I would always be tempted to take a movie I liked less if the payday was twice as much, and I’ve interviewed a couple people that grew up with wealth and I’ve watched them navigate their…
Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard

Developmental biologist; Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, 1995

Recorded · Nobel Prize Outreach · 1995

I felt at the time that Eric was much more successful than I, he was extremely productive during his time in Zurich, and worked on many very original projects, germ line, cell lineage, sex…
Richard Hamming

Mathematician and computer scientist; Turing Award, 1968

Recorded · Bell Communications Research Colloquium Seminar (transcription hosted by the University of Virginia Department of Computer Science) · 1986

I worked for ten years with John Tukey at Bell Labs. He had tremendous drive. One day about three or four years after I joined, I discovered that John Tukey was slightly younger than I was.
Matthew Walker

Neuroscientist; professor of neuroscience and psychology at the University of California, Berkeley

Recorded · The Tim Ferriss Show · 2023

there were a group of scientists from the University of Geneva who conducted a brilliant study.

Everyone here · A–Z

Aung San Suu Kyi, Barack Obama, Bill Clinton, Charlie Munger, Chris Hoy, Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, David Vélez, Derek Sivers, Desmond Tutu, Edmund Hillary, Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Mario Molina, Mellody Hobson, Mohamed ElBaradei, Oliver Sacks, Richard Feynman, Serena Williams, Shinya Yamanaka, Simone Biles, Steve Jobs, Warren Buffett, Winston Churchill

Other paths